The chief loss of light in such a burner depends upon the fact that,
being circular, the light from the inner surface has to pass through
the wall of flame, and careful photometric experiments show that the
solid particles present in the flame so reduce its transparency that a
loss amounting to about 25 per cent. of light takes place during its
transmission.
The height of the flame also must be carefully adjusted to the size of
the flame, as too long a chimney, by increasing the air supply unduly,
cools, and so lowers the illuminating power of the flame. Experiments
with carbureted water gas gave the following results, with a
consumption of 5 cubic feet per hour:
-----------------------------------------------------
Size of Chimney. | Height of Flame. | Candle Power. |
------------------+------------------+---------------|
6 X 1-7/8 | 2-1/2 | 21 |
7 X 1-7/8 | 2-1/4 | 21.3 |
8 X 1-7/8 | 2-1/8 | 20.8 |
9 X 1-7/8 | 1-7/8 | 18.2 |
------------------+------------------+---------------+
For many years no advance was made upon these forms of burner, but
when, ten years ago, it was recognized that anything which cools the
flame reduces its value, while anything which increases its
temperature raises its illuminating power, then a change took place in
the forms of burner in use, and the regenerative burners, introduced
by such men as Siemens, Grimston, and Bower, commenced what was really
a revolution in gas lighting.
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