Here the internal pressure is 0.00068
millimeter, or 0.9 M.
[Illustration: FIG. 19.--PRESSURE = 0.00068 MM. = 0.9 M.]
[Illustration: FIG. 20.--PRESSURE = 0.00068 MM. = 0.9 M.]
[Illustration: FIG. 21.--PRESSURE = 0.001 MM. = 1.3 M.]
Passing to the next phenomenon, I proceed to show the production of
mechanical energy in a tube without internal poles. It is shown in
Fig. 21 (P = 0.001 millimeter, or 1.3 M). It contains a light wheel of
aluminum, carrying vanes of transparent mica, the poles, A B, being in
such a position outside that the molecular focus falls upon the vanes
on one side only. The bulb is placed in the lantern and the image is
projected on the screen; if I now pass the current, you see the wheels
rotate rapidly, reversing in direction as I reverse the current.
Here is an apparatus (Fig. 22) which shows that the residual gaseous
molecules when brought to a focus produce heat. It consists of a glass
tube with a bulb blown at one end and a small bundle of carbon wool,
C, fixed in the center, and exhausted to a pressure of 0.000076
millimeter, or 0.1 M. The negative electrode, A, is formed by coating
part of the outside of the bulb with silver, and it is in such a
position that the focus of rays falls upon the carbon wool. The
positive electrode, B, is an outer coating at the other end of the
tube. I pass the current, and those who are close may see the bright
sparks of carbon raised to incandescence by the impact of the
molecular stream.
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